The title of this column might lead you to believe that after reading this, you will become an expert in wilderness survival. I feel compelled to confess that I will not be offering tips on how to survive for an extended period of time in the wilderness, eating only nuts and berries, and making a fire by striking two rocks together. Rather, I have decided to offer suggestions for the average hiker, snowshoer, or cross-country skier on how to safely and comfortably embrace, or tackle, the outdoors. For more details, consult the Green Mountain Club’s “Long Trail Guide”, which offers a wealth of information.

The pack is crucial. The weight of the pack is also crucial, but never fully appreciated until mid-way through the hike when you realize you have packed more than you will ever need. An internal or external frame pack is best, as it will allow for more structured, evenly distributed weight than a regular backpack, with more weight on your hips and less on your back. Snowshoers and skiers might utilize a sled to carry gear through deep snow.

A sturdy pair of waterproof boots is key; keeping your feet and body dry is important to avoid hypothermia, and having ankle stability in the boot will help avoid sprains and twists. Since you will probably sweat, you’ll want moisture-wicking wool blend socks like SmartWool or Patagonia’s wool hiker (both available locally). Bring layers of clothing, as the changing temperature of your body and variations in the weather will necessitate the changing of clothes. Keep gear dry by storing it in zippered plastic bags inside your pack; this will also save space if you remove the air from the bags. Watch the weather – if it looks like a storm is approaching, turn back or find shelter.

Find the "Long Trail Guide" here!

What are some important things your pack should contain? A 32 oz Nalgene bottle of water, as well as Potable Aqua germicidal tablets so that you can safely drink water from any source. I carry two water bottles; one for drinkable water and one for water that I am treating, since the germicidal treatment takes 30 minutes. Treating water with P.A. Plus neutralizing tablets will eliminate the iodine taste and color after the water has been treated. Drinking plenty of water is very important, regardless of the season, so be sure to have an adequate supply. When water is scarce, carry more water bottles full from the start. A person requires one gallon of water per day when they are not exercising, so plan to consume more than that while outdoors.

A first aid kit is important. Bandaids come in handy for cuts and scrapes, and provide relief from blisters on feet or shoulders. Vet wrap, found at any farm supply store, is stronger and will last longer than a bandage or gauze. Ibuprofen is always a good idea.

For those seeking multi-day adventures, you’ll want to consider a lightweight set of dishes; mine contains a bowl, sauce pan, fry pan, spoon, and cup, taking up less than 5” of space and compatible with my MSR IsoPro stove. Carry dried or non-perishable foods; whole grains, fruits, nuts, and protein-rich foods will give you energy and satisfy your hunger longer than sugary or carbohydrate-rich processed foods. Other critical items to pack include a trail map, multi-tool or knife, lighter, matches, hand wipes, tissue, and flashlight or headlamp. County Forester Nate Fice recommends that hikers learn how to navigate with a map and compass before going out on their first hike. Fice also warns hikers not to rely soley on a GPS unit, and always bring a good handheld compass.

Good luck and have fun. Just remember to Leave No Trace. Namaste.

By Lissa Stark